The PBX is owned and operated by the enterprise rather than the telephone company (which may be a supplier or service provider, however). Private branch exchanges used analog technology originally. Today, PBXs use digital technology (digital signals are converted to analog for outside calls on the local loop using plain old telephone service (POTS ).
A PBX includes:
- Telephone trunk (multiple phone) lines that terminate at the PBX
- A computer with memory that manages the switching of the calls within the PBX and in and out of it
- The network of lines within the PBX
- A console or switchboard for a human operator (optional)
In some situations, alternatives to a PBX include centrex service (in which a pool of lines are rented at the phone company's central office), key telephone systems, and, for very small enterprises, primary rate Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
Lucent Technologies, Northern Telecom (NORTEL), Rolm/Siemens, NEC, GTE, Intecom, Fujitsu, Hitachi and Mitel are among the larger manufacturers of PBXs.
See also: IP PBX, private automatic branch exchange (PABX), Direct Outward Dialing (DOD), Direct Inward Dialing (DID)
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Source: http://docphy.com/business-industry/business/private-branch-exchange-pbx.html
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